Manual / Guide · 1951
TM 11-2222, Receiving Transmitter Distributors TT-12/FGQ-1, TT-13/FGC-1 and Transmitter Distributors TT-21/FG, TT-25/FG, TT-26/FG, TT-52/FG (incl. other Model 14 TDs)
DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY TECHNICAL MANUAL T111 11-2222 Tltis manual supersedes TM 11-2222, 24 August 1945, including 1, U September 1948; and rescinds TM 11-2221, ·5 March 1945, and TB 11-2221-1, 13 January 1948. RECEIVING TRANSMITTER DISTRIBUTORS TT-12/FGQ-1, TT-13/FGC-1 AND TRANSMITTER DISTRIBUTORS TT-21/FG, TT-25/FG TT-26/FG, TT-52/FG (INCLUDING OTHER TELETYPE MODEL DEPARTMENT OF THE 14 TRANSMITTER DISTRIBUTORS) ARMY • United States Go'Vernment Printing Office Washington: 1951 ------ -----------· -· -- --- - ---------- --------- --- ----------- ---- MAY 1951 DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY WASHINGTON 25, D. C., 2.9 May 1951 TM 11-2222 is published for the information and guidance of all concerned. [AG 413.48 ( 14 May 51 ) ] BY ORDER OF THE SECRETARY OF THE ARMY: 0 J. LAWTON COLLINS OFFICIAL: Chief of Staff, United States Army Wm. E. B ERGIN Mafor General, USA Acting The Adfutant General DISTRIBUTION : . Tech Svc ( 2 ) except 1 1 ( 65) ; Arm & Svc Bd ( 1 ) ; AFF Bd ( ea Svc Test Sec) ( 1 ) ; AFF ( 5 ) ; AA Comd ( 2 ) ; OS Maj Comd ( 5 ) ; Base Comd ( 5) ; MDW (5) ; Log Comd ( 2) ; A ( 20) ; CHQ ( 2 ) ; FC ( 2 ) ; Sch ( 2 ) except 1 1 ( 25) ; Gen Dep ( 2 ) ; Dep 1 1 ( 20) except Sig Sec, Gen Dep ( 10 ) ; Tng Div ( 2 ) ; PE ( 10 ) , OSD ( 2 ) ; Lab 1 1 ( 5 ) ; 4th & 5th Ech Maint Shops 11 ( 3 ) ; Two ( 2 ) copies to each of the fol lowing T/0 & E's : 1 1-107 ; 1 1-127 ; 1 1-500 CA, CB, CC, CD; 1 1-587 ; 1 1-592 ; 1 1-597 ; SPECIAL DISTRIBUTION. For explana tion of distribution formula, see SR 3 10-90-1. COPYRIGHT NOTICE: This publication contains material from the fol lowing Teletype Corporation publications : Bulletin No. 186, issue 1 , July 1 945, Bulletin No. 1 1 19, issue 1, March 1 944, Drawing WD-2271-F, 10 November 1943, Specification S-5288, issue 1, January 1941. ii ---··-····--· --· ··-- ---·--- ·---·· ------------- · ....• --- TM U-2222 Cl TO 31W•-2-101 TECHNICAL MANUAL R�CEIVING.TRANSMITTER.DISTRIBUTORS TT-12/FGQ-1, TT-13/FGQ-1 AND TRANSMITTER DISTRIBUTORS TT-21/FG, TT-25/FG, TT-26/FG; TT-52/FG TM 11-2222 CHANGES N0. 1 } (Including Other Teletype Model 14· Transmitter Distributors) DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY WASHINGT(:JN 25, D. C., 23 August 1955 TM 11-2222, 29 May 1951, is changed as follows: The third line of the title. is ch�ged to read: TT..:.12/FGQ-1, TT-13/FGQ-1. - ' CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION Note. (Addf'd) .. The XD200 type transmitter distributor purchased on Order No. 29647-Phi!a-58 is the same as the XD86 type transmitter distributor procured on previous orders With the exception of the governor contact filter. 14. Differences in Units * ·* * * *· c. Receiving Transmitifr Distributors: . * • • • • * * • * (2) Principal motor differences in rn,odelfl,. (XD82 and XD86) transmitter distributors. Hear -Motor . ·Code . No. Part N o. Type XDSfiF:R 6708 or A-c serie'sgoverned. • ___ i07151 dXD200FR__ 122295 or. 107151 -- --- --·-· · .. A-c ·seriesgoverned. . * * Tuning fork Opm MotOr rpm * 'Part No. Vps Governor contact filter Part No. * 71036. 40 77034 7 '7105 10 368. 1 2102 130628 87. 6 105475 77036 •o 77034 'i 7105 10 368. 1 2102 2308 130628 104984 87.6 96. 19 106160 �. . . '• (Added) Code designation used by manufacturer for XD86FR procured on Order Illtel'. Speed Part No. Teeth Part No. Teeth Part No. Spots • . Target Pinion . . •404 • 404 . 2308 104984 96. 19 . . No. 29647-P-53 with alternate motor and a different governor contact 1 19. Power Supply All model 14 * * * under different conditions. • ·• • * d. (Added) Transmitter Distributor TT-52/FG in Use with 230 or 460-volt Power Supply. A double-wound transformer is used with the TT52/FG (XD200) supplied on Order No. 29647Phila-53. The transformer (fig. 18.1) permits operation of the 115-volt transmitter distributor motor when the power source is 230-volts, 50 to 60 cps ac or 460-volts, 50 to 60 cps ac. (1) Preparation. Position the transformer as indicated by the marking "THIS END UP." Fasten it in place with screws passed through the mounting brackets (fig. 18.1). The transformer should be clear of obstructions so that the vents may function properly to avoid overheat ing. Either or both of the knockout plugs may be removed to allow for con duit connections. Strip, clean, and tin the ends of the wires to be connected. (2) Connections. (a) 230-volt input. Connect one side of the line leads to the two wires that pass through the card holes marked HI and H3 and the other line lead to the two wires that pass through the card holes marked H2 and H4 (A, fig. I8.2}. Connect one of the load leads to wires marked Xl and X3 and the other load lead to wires marked X2 and X4. Solder and tape all connections. (b) 460�volt input. Connect one side of the line leads to the wire marked HI and the other side of the line leads to the wire marked H4. Connect wires marked H2 .and H3 together. The wires marked X2 and X3 and ·one load lead should be connected together and the remaining load lead may be con nected to either XI or X4. Solder and tape all connections, changed: • distributors are • a. (Superseded) • * * * • by· This check must not be maintenance during periodic routine maintenance visits. (I) Preliminary check. Before starting the motor of a new or recently installed transmitter-distributor, hand-turn the motor in the direction of normal rotation (distributor brushes moving clockwise) to check for binding or excessive backlash between the motor pinion and the main shaft gear, and for binding in other parts of the unit. backward; Do not turn the motor this may cause the brushes to catch on the commut.ator segment edges and may bent brushes. result (2) Motor speed check. in broken or When governed-type motors are used, a tuning fork (par. 24) is necessary for periodic checks of the motor speed by qualified maintenance personnel. vibrate. not been • To check the motor speed, Hold the that the through the openings of the vibrating communications, appear stationary. equipment containing motors must be checked so the target illuminated, view the target shutters. installed fork shutters are close to the eye and, with Because motor speed is an important factor in teletypewriter Motor Speed. all new or recently personnel installation of the equipment and also during tap the tuning fork lightly to make it 27. Operating Checks and Adjustments Transmitter for proper motor speed. overlooked correct If the motor is running at the speed, the target spots will If the motor spe···· is too fast, the spots will appear to ' TAGO to) � "' 0 460V 230V � PRIMARY LEGEND SPLICED, A TIOI AND TAPE D XI B { CONNECT H4 HI AND SOLDER CONNEC T H2 CONNECT H3 ONE 115- 230V 230V 115V SECONDARY LOAD B B A 8 XI CONNECTIONS TIOI 230V 500VA I TO X4 CONNECT ·LOAD LEAD LEAD CONNECT ION LOAD OTHER ONE TM2222-CI-3 ]SAME AS ABOVE AND CONNECT l_N EUTRAL TO X2 AND X3 FOR IISV TO XI TOGETHER THE X3 TAPE AND C NNECT X2 AND SOLDER O CONNECT JCONNECT XI AND X3 TO ONE LOAD LEAD 1CONNECT X2 A ND X4 TO OTHER LOAD LEAD { HI Figure 18.2. (Added) Transformer wiring diagram. LEAD LEAD Ll NE LINE CONNECTION TOGETHER THE TO. OTHER TO TAPE AND ,> NOTES: .II 5V ( 500'/A I JCONNECT H I AND H3 TO ONE LINE LEAD J..coNNECT H2 AND H4 To OTHER LINE LE AD CONNECTIONS SOLDERED )( STRIPPED ENDS OF WIRING TO BE A 230V 50-60 CPS HI moving in the direction of motor rotation. If the motor speed is too slow, the spots will appear to move in the opposite direction. (3) Speed adjustment. To adjust the speed of a governed motor in a transmitter distributor, stop the motor and rotate the speed adjusting wheel (fig. 73) slightly; check the speed after each adjustment. until the correct speed is· obtained. Note. Incorrect motor speed adjust · ment is possible with a tuning fork if the speed is .set at any multiple of one fourth of the desired speed.· Under this incorrect condition, the target spots also will appear stationary. The experienced technician can recognize the difference in sound made by a motor running at an incorrect multiple. Test transmission of a message to a printer operating at the correct speed is another method used to determine whether a motor is running at any multiple of the desired speed. • * • * 95. Stop-Arm Pilot Screws . (A, fig. 53) • • * • ' operate freely under its own sprmg ·teno;ion. c. AdJustment. Increase or decrease the num ber of shims installed under the tape trans mitter .top plate between the latch-wearing strip and the top plate. LATCH· WEARING STRIP 0 • T H ----'- Figure 57.1. • * (B, fig. 53) * * * 1 inch below horizontal if the trans the unit .. that prepares the tape) and • · the tight-tape stop shaft should pro trude approximately Xs inch beyond the clamp (A, fig. 65). * * * • (fig. 68) * • (fig. 57.I) (Added) No preparation is required for this adjustment. b. Requirements. (I) With a .003-inch thickness gage placed between the retaining lid and the front guide rail on the tape-guide plate, the latch should not close freely. (2) With the gage removed and the retaining lid held against the front guide rail -on the tape-guide plate, the latch should 4 * 120. Carbon Distributor Brushes 1 03.1. Tape Retaining Lid Latch-Wearing Strip a. Preparation. * mitter-distributor operates faster than • 97. Stop-Arm Spring Tension * * · the contact operating post, the bottom of the tight-tape stop leve� should be horiL.-)ntal (front end approximately • Figure 53. .002" to .030" is changed to read: .002" to .050". (figs. 65, 66, and 67) b. Requirements. (1) New style (fig. 65). (a) When the contacts are held closed by · * TM 2222-CI-1 (Added) Latch-wearing strip under. top plate. 119. -Tight-Tape Stop (Auto-Stop) Mechanism overlap the upper edge of the stop cam .002 to 050 inch. * DETENT LEVER LA C b. Requiremenf,y. (I) The upper edges of the stop arm should . TOP PLATE a. (Superseded) Preparation. Turn the main shaft until the stop cam lug is engaged fully by the stop arm. Receiving transmitter distribu tors should be further prepared by lining up the leading edge of the No. 5 segment with point 60 on the orientation scale. To do this, loosen the three screws that mount the . outer distributor disk . ··: and aline the adjustable disk. b. Requirements.'· (I) 'I'he point of * * * th.e distributor disk. The brushes should remain within the edges of their respective rings through out a complete revolution of the main - • shaft. • • • • '\_. / ···� -122.1. Operating Cam Adjustment (Receiving c. Only) .(Added) hinge mounting, screw and position the floating contact. (2) To obtain squareness froin right. to left (fig. 44) (if th1:1 governor shell has elon gated mounting hol.es), loosen the mount ing screws and position the fixed contact bracket. To obtain squarenPs;> from front to back, twist the floating contact hinge by applying· pressure to the arm near the contact. · Turn the main shaft until the lug of the stop cam is against the end of the stop arin (fig. 50). Loosen the mounting,screws of the outer distributor disk .and move the adjustable disk until the brush rests in the middle of the small segment to the left of the stop segment. Tighten the screws. b, Requirements. The operating cam must be positioned to meet the following requirements. (1) The No. I contacts must close when the leading edge of the brush reaches the middle of the third segment to the left of the stop segment. (2) The marking contacts will not open until the trailing edge of the brush bas passed beyond the end of the No. 5 segment at least .060 inch. c. Adju..�tment. Loosen the operating cam mounting screws (fig. 20), position the cam, and then retighten the screws and check for the requirement. _ a. Preparation. (3) Replace worn contacts n.nd springs with • new ones. Do not attempt to make temporary adjustment by fiUng, stoning, or burnishing the old contacts or by changing the position of the contacts, except. for emergency operation. 132. Governor Brush-Spring Plate Bracket (fig. 74) · Note. This adjustment does not apply to synchronous motors or motors equipped with peripheral ring governors. 127.1. Governor Contacts (figs. 44, 73, and 77) (Added) (1) The contact edges should be alined with the top contact directly above the bottom contact. (2) The contact surfaces should be parallel and meet squarely when the contacts are just touching (fig. 77). Check between the edges of the con tacts with a .002-inch (smaller if available) gage to see whether the gage enters equally on all sides or does not enter. (3) The surface of the contacts should be free of buildups. • (1) (Superseded) A l�ne established by the center of the outer disk and the center of one of the brushes should pass through some porti()n of the other brush (B, fig. 74). segments. b. Requirements.- • b. Requirements. that the brush does not catch in the slots between the a. Preparation� Remove the target. and gover nor cover (par.. 83c)·. The governor also may be removed for inspection or repair. Place a small piece of white paper in back of the contacts to aid in viewing them. - Adjust the retractile spring tension adjusting screw to cause the contacts to make or toits limit. • • * When moving the adjustable disk, be careful Note. AdJustment. (1) To line up the edges (fig. 44), loosen the • • • • • 136. Governor Contacts Rescinded. · 138. Starting Switch Note. This adjustment applies * * * out of adjust ·ment. • • • • • b. Requirements. (1) Hook an 8-ounce scale in the end of the brush..,holder spring. A pull of 2 to 21/2 ounces (60-cycle motors) or 1% to 2 ounces (50-cycle motors) should be re quired to stretch the spring to a length of 5 inches. * * * Figure 137. * • The following note is added: THE 8539 SCREWS WITH THEIR ASSOCIATED 2191 LOCKWASHERS AND THE 80335 PLATE ARE 5 - · - ----- ------ --·- -- · ---·--------------·- •. S. GOVIA.III!'If1' ••• .. -··· _ NOT INCLUDED AS PART OF THE 106865 AS SEMBLY. Figure 187. 86858 or 106865 governor brush bracket assem bly (same for all types). Figure 141. 2986 BUSHING-BAKELITE is changed to read: 93035 BUSHING-BAKELITE. 122-276 STRAP is changed to read: 125013 STRAP. Figure 143. 77911 BRUSH CAP is changed to read: 70873 BRUSH-CAP. 2247 WASHER is changed to read: 7002 WASHER. 2191 LOCK WASHER is added under 7002 WASHER. 2247 WASHER (BETWEEN BRACKET AND FIL TER ASSEMBLY) is added under 84990 SCREW. PARTS 122296 ARMATURE FOR 122295 I WITH MOTOR ARE THE SAME AS SCREW is changed to read: 110434 SCREW. 103-27 WASHER is changed to read: 125011 WASHER. 95326 MOTOR-GOVERNOR FILTER UNIT ASSEMBLY is changed to read: 95326 or 106160 MOTOR-GOVERNOR FILTER UNIT ASSEMBLY. The following note is added to the lower illustration: 33-110 THE 70873 BRUSH CAP, 1266 SCREW, 7002 WASHER, AND 2191 LOCKWASHER ARE NOT INCLUDED AS PART OF THE 106160 ASSEMBLY. Figure 147. 1100 SCREW is changed to read: 116992 SCREW. 2449 L O C K W A S H E R is changed to read: 104451 LOCKWASHER. 126123 BUSHING RUBBER is changed to read: 125016 GROMMET. 34-59 NUT is changed to read: 125009 NUT. THE 6708 MOTOR EXCEPT AS SHOWN BELOW BEARINGS l BEARING , BALL ---, BOTH ENDS__. 7 7036 7 7 034 A 111129 A 1222915 MOTOR, SERIES 112 5 H P, (EXCLUDES 105523 MOTOR A R RANGEME NT I I OV, 60 CYC L E PAR T S FR, INCLUDES A ) A C MARKED I 22295 7 0361 80352 868 I I 106160 7105 106865 (G E MODEL (s l2191 . . _,.b PINION- 7 T GEAR SE T 746 SCREW WASHER , LOCK 5BA65AA77A) MOTOR , ANO RES I STANCE UNIT CENTER CONTACT GOVERNOR ASSEMBLY GUARD - GOVERNOR MOTOR- GOVERNOR FILTEII TARGE T - 10 SPOT GOVERNOR B RUSH BR ACKET Figure 147 .1. (Added) 122295 ac series motor. 6 I ASSEr.!BI:.Y ASSEMBLY TM 2222�CI-2 BY ORDER OF THE SECRE'.rARY OF Tl!E ARMY: MAXWELL D. TAYLOR, General, United States Army, Chief of Staff. OFFICIAL: JOHN A. KLEIN, M ajoT GeneTal, United States A'1'1ny, The Adjutant GeneTaZ. DISTRIBUTION: Active Army: CNGB (1) 11-128R, Sig Depot Co (2) Gen Depots (2) except Tee Svc, DA (1) Atlanta Gen Depot (None) 11-500R (AA-AE), Sig Svc Org Sig Sec, Gen Depots (10) Tee Svc Bd (1) (2) Hq, CONARC (5) Sig Depots (20) 11-557R, Abn Sig Co (2) CON ARC Bd (Inc! ea Test Sec) (1) POE (2) 11-587R, Sig Base Maint Co (2) Army AA Comd (2) OS Sup Agencies (2) 11-592R, Hq & Hq Co, Sig Base OS Maj Comd (5) Sig Fld Maint Shops (3) Depot (2) OS Base Comd (5) Sig Lab (5) 11-597R, Sig Base Depot Co (2) Log Comd (5) Mil Dist (1) 32-51R, Hq & Hq Co, Comm MDW (1) Units organized under following Recon Gp (2) Armies (5) TOE's: 32-55R, Comm Recon Bn (2) Corps (2) 11-7R, Sig Co Inf Div (2) 32-57R, Comm Recon Opr Co (2) Tng Div (2) 11-16R, Hq & Hq Co, Sig Bn, Corps or Abn Corps (2) Ft & Cp (2) Gen & Br Svc Sch (5) except ll-57R, Armd Sig Co (2) Sig Sch (25) ll-127R, Sig Rep Co (2) NG: State AG (6); units-same as Active Army except allowance is one (1) copy to each unit. USAR: None. For explanation of abbreviations used, see SR 32Q--5Q-1. •• S, GOYiJUUIEHf PRIHTIH8 OFPlel• . . . --- --------------- - - - ---------- ---- / ·' . .. CONTENTS CHAPTER I. Section I. II. CHAPTER 2 . Section I. II. Ill. IV. CHAPTER 3 . Section I. II. Ill. IV. v. CHAPTER 4. Section I. II. Ill. IV. CHAPTER 5. Section I. INTRODUCTION General - -- - - - - - - - - -- -- - - - - -- --------------- - - - -- Description and data - ---- - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - ---- - - - - - - Service upon receipt of equipment - - - -- -- - - - - - - - - - - Controls and instruments - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - Operation under usual conditions - - - - - ---- - - -�- - - - - - Operation under unusual conditions - ---- - - - - - - - - ---- Organizational tools and equipment - - - - -- - - - - - - - ---- Preventive maintenance services - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - Lubrication Weatherproofing Trouble-shooting at organizational maintenance leveL_ ______________________________________ _ _____________________ - - ----------- Theory of tape transmitting mechar.isms - - - - - - - - - -- Theory of distributor disks - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - --- Theory of transmission control - - - - - - - - - --- - - - - - - - - - Theory of motors, motor governors for series-governed motors, starting switch for synchronous motors, and main-shaft friction clutch - - - ------- - - - - - - - - - - ---- I. 11. INDEX 15-22 23-24 25-28 29-31 23 26 27 29 32-33 34-36 37...:40 41-42 43-48 30 30 34 38 39 49-51 52-54 55-58 43 47 52 59-62 55 63-66 67-76 77-88 89-164 165-167 58 61 77 116 168-169 170-171 117 117 FIELD MAINTENANCE INSTRUCTIONS SHIPMENT AND LIMITED STORAGE AND DEMOLITION TO APPENDIX 1 1 THEORY CHAPTER 6. 11. 1-2 3-14 ORGANIZATIONAL MAINTENANCE INSTRUCTIONS Prerepair instructions Trouble shooting at field maintenance level - - - - - - - - - - Repairs - ----Apparatus adjustments - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- -- - - - - - - - - Final testing - - - - - - - ----- ---- Section I. Pag• OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS II. Ill. IV. v. Paragraphs ---------------------------- ______------ _________ -_ -- --- -- - -- - -- -- - --- - ______ - --- - 67 PREVENT ENEMY USE Shipment and limited storage - - - - - - - - - - ----- - - - --- Demolition to p revent enemy use - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - REFERENCES __________________________ IDENTIFICATION TABLE OF PARTS - -- -- -- ------- _____________________ 119 121 172 ... Ill Figure 1. Transmitte1· distributor, Teletype model 14, in position for operation. iv This manual s·upersedes TM 11-2222, 24 August 1945, including C 1, 14 September 1948; and rescinds TM 112221, 5 March 1945, and TB 11-2221-1, 13 January 1948. CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION Section I. I. Scope a. These instructions are published for the information and guidance of the personnel to whom this equipment is issued. They contain information covering the description, installa tion, operation, maintenance and repair of transmitter distributors, Teletype model 14. b. This manual is prepared in six chapters and two appendixes. The first appendix con _tains a list of pertinent references and the sec ond appendix contains an identification table of parts. 2. Forms and Records The following standard forms will be used for reporting unsatisfactory conditions of Army equipment and in performing preventive main tenance. Section II. GENERAL a. DD Form 6, Report of Damaged or Im proper Shipment, will be filled out and for warded as prescribed in SR-745-45 ( Army) , NAV DEPT SERIAL 85POO ( Navy ) , and AFR 71-4 ( Air Force ) . b. DA AGO Form 468, Unsatisfactory Equip ment Report, will be filled out and forwarded to the Office of the Chief Signal Officer, as pre scribed in SR 700-45-5. · c. AF Form 54 , Unsatisfactory Report, will be filled out and forwarded to Commanding General, Air Materiel Command, Wright Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, Ohio, as pre scribed in SR 700-45-5 and AFR 65-26. d. DA AGO Form 419, Preventive Mainte nance Checklist for Signal Corps Equipment, will be prepared in accordance with instruc tions on the back of the form. e. Use other forms and records as author ized. DESCRI PTION AND DATA 3. Use a. GENERAL. Teletype model 14 transmitter distributors are motor-driven devices which translate code perforations recorded in paper tape into electrical impulses and then transmit these impulses as five-unit, start-stop teletype writer code to one or more receiving stations. Electrical impulses produced by a transmitter distributor are suitable for transmission by either d-e (direct-current) wire lines, carrier, or radio channels. The model 14 transmitter dis tributors are designed particularly for auto matic operation when large amounts of traffic must be handled with a minimum of delay. There are several types of model 14 transmit ter distributors. In many ways, they are me- chanically and electrically alike and many of their parts are interchangeable. Some of these transmitter distributors have Signal Corps nomenclature; others are known by the manu facturer's code designations. b. TY PE S XD82 AND XD86. The types of model 14 transmitter distributors in most gen eral use are the XD82 and XD86 types. Signal Corps nomenclature of Transmitter Distribu tor TT -52/FG has been given the XD86 type, which is used with fixed plant equipment. Type XD82 has been adapted for military tactical use. B oth types normally are used as parts of complete teletypewriter sets or systems and are not intended for use as independently operated units. Some XD82 type transmitter distribu- -------------------- Figure 2. Model 14 transmitter distrib-utor, co·mplete with co tors are modified to include a break-lock mech anism. When so modified they are known as XD99 type transmitter distributors. Paragraph 4c describes this mechanism. Figure 1 34 shows parts used in this modification. c. TWO-CHANNEL TYPES. ( 1 ) Two-channel transmitter distributors, also model 14's, bear Signal Corps nomenclature of Transmitter Distrib utor TT-26/FG. These transmitter distributors have manufacturer's code designations of XD91 and XD93. (2) These transmitter distributors utilize a circuit in order to provide two-chan nel tran;;mission of messages from two 2 separate p orated tapes ( either chadless or fupy perforated) at 368.1 opm ( operatiops per minute) on each channel. At rEJceiving stations, stand ard start-stop i page-printing teletype writers or re� erforators connected in series are used to receive messages sent by the tr�nsmitter distributors. ( 3 ) By arrangement of the transmitting mechanism in a two-channel transmit ter distributor, it is possible to trans mit two messages, alike or different, simultaneously, or to send only a single message, usin $' only one of the chan nels while the second channel remains idle. FiguTe 3. TmnsmitteT DistTibutoT TT-5$/FG (type XD86), coveT Temoved. d. RECEIVING TRANSMITTER DISTRIBUTORS. .,-,. '!. ..: ( 1 ) In addition to the transmitter distrib utors mentioned in b and c above, there are several other transmitter distributors known as model 14's. These are receiving transmitter dis tributors (fig. 5) and vary only slightly. The principal differences are in their motor arrangements. Their basic Teletype code designa tions are XD79, XD95, and XD100. Suffixes such as EZ, EY, EX, and GW indicate the types of motors used with the transmitter distributors. The vari ous types of motor arrangements op erate the main shaft of a transmitter distributor at 420 rpm with a trans.,. mitting speed of 368 opm. ( 2 ) An EZ motor arrangement includes a 110-volt, 60-cycle a-c synchronous motor operating at 1,800 rpm. Such a motor is equipped with a 7 -tooth pinion and 30-tooth gear on the main shaft. An EY motor arrangement has a 1 10-volt, 60-cycle, series-wound, a-c governed motor operating at 2,102 rpm, and the motor is equipped with a 10-spot target, a 300-ohm governor resistor, a 9-tooth pinion and a 45tooth gear on the main shaft. An EX motor arrangement has the same char acteristics as an EY arrangement, ex cept that it has a 1 10-volt, shunt wound, d-e governed motor equipped with a 500-ohm governor resistor. A GW motor arrangement is like the EY arrangement, but includes a 106160 filter. ( 3 ) Two of this type transmitter distrib utors, Transmitter Distributor TT21/FG and Transmitter Distributor TT-25/FG, are identical with the ex ception that a tape-feed suppression mechanism is included in TT-21/FG. TT-21/FG is known under the manu facturers' code designations of XD1 00GW and 14ABM-1. TT-25/FG is known under the manufacturers' code designations of XD95GW and 14ABM. ( 4) Receiving Transmitter Distributor TT-12/FGQ-1 and Receiving Trans mitter Distributor TT--13/FGQ-1 are 3 ----C---- ---- Figure 4. Transmitter Distributor TT-26/FG (two-channel), cover removed. other receiVmg type transmitter dis tributors. TT-12/FGQ-1 has an E Y motor arrangement and bears the manufacturers' code designations of XD79 E Y and 14AB , and TT-13/FGQ1 has an EZ motor arrangement and bears the manufacturers' code desig nations of XD79EZ and 14AA. ( 5 ) All these transmitter distributors translate code combinations from fully perforated or chadless tape into elec trical impulses which are set up locally and then are combined with impulses from an external source. The combined signals then are used in teletypewriter transmitting and receiving circuits in which cryptographic equipment is in stalled. Differences in motor arrange ments of the different transmitter dis tributors are shown in paragraph 14. 4 Note. XD in the manufacturer's code des ignation of a transmitter distributor indi cates that the equipment is manufactured by Teletype Corporation. 14AB, 14AD, etc., in the manufacturer's code designation, in dicates that the equipment has been pro vided in accordance with Western Electric Company specifications. 4. System Application Model14 transmitter distributors are used in teletypewriter circuits to replace keyboard transmission. However, means such as typing or nontyping reperforators to produce the required perforated tape must be available. A model 14 transmitter distributor does not contain a relay in its signal circuit; therefore, it can be inserted into any signal line by making the proper con nections. Most model 14 transmitter distrib utors used by the Army are wired for neutral operation to conform with other Army teletype- Figure 5. Transmitter Distribut01· TT-25/ FG (receiving transmittet· distributor). writer equipment. A transmitter distributor may be operated in polar circuits by placing such equipment as Repeater TG-30 or similar repeaters in circuits and making minor wiring changes. Polar operation directly from a trans mitter distributor is not recommended for mili tary use, except in emergencies. If units re ceiving from two-channel transmitter distribu tors are equipped with selectors of the pulling magnet type rather than with selectors of the holding magnet type, or if it is desirable to use spare receiving units interchangeably on all channels without reorientation, a pair of re peaters is connected in se:des with the line, and each repeater is oriented to its respective chan neL The repeaters, since they have the holding magnet feature, provide maximum orientation range for two-channel operation. The regen erated impulses relayed to receiving units are of the required length to provide normal orien tation range for the selectors. This arrange ment facilitates interchange of receiving units. Figure 6 is a block diagram showing a two channel transmitter distributor with receiving stations equipped with holding magnet type selector mechanisms. a. USE WITH MODEL 1 9 TELETYPEWRITER SETS ( fig. 7 ) . When Transmitter Distributor TT52/FG ( XD86) is used with Teletypewriter RECEIVING STATION B TWO CHANNEL TRANSMITTER DISTRIBUTOR RECEIVING STATION A NOTES: I. RECEIVING STATION A OPERATES ON SIGNALS FROM CHANNEL A WHEN RANGEFINDER AT' RECEIVING STATION A IS ORIENTED TO MOST FAVORABLE POSITION ON HIGH PART OF RANGE SCALE. 2. RECEIVING STATION 8 OPERATES ON SIGNALS FROM CHANNEL 8 WHEN RANGEFINDER AT RECEIVING STATION B IS ORIENTED TO MOST FAVORABLE POSITION ON LOW PART OF RANGE SCALE. 3. BOTH SETS OF SIGNALS TRAVEL THE ENTIRE CIRCUI"J:, BUT THE ARRANGEMENT OF THE DISTRI BUTOR FACE AND THE RECEIVING EQUIPMENT ALLOW CHANNEL A TO OPERATE RECEIVING STATION A ONLY AND CHANNEL 8 TO OPERATE STATION 8 ONLY. 4. THIS DI AGRAM ILLUSTRATES RECEIVING STATIONS EQUIPPED WITH THE HOLDING M AGNET T Y P E SELECT OR MECHANISM. . TM 2 2 2 2·14 Figure 6. Operation of two-cha.nnel transmitter dis� t1·ibuto r, block diagram. 5 - ·- ---- · TT-7jFG or TT-8/FG (model 19 teletype writer sets ) , it furnishes a facility for con tinuous tr ansmission to one or more receiving stations. In addition to making the most effi cient use of a signal circuit, the transmitter distributor leaves the teletypewriter keyboard to be used for perforating additional message tapes without interfering with the message being transmitted to the signal circuits. TM 11-2216 gives detailed information on Tele typewriters TT-7jFG and TT-8/FG. b. UsE WITH TELETYPEWRITER TT-10/FG OR TELETYPEWRITER SET ANjTGC-3 ( fig. 8 ) . When Transmitter Distributor TT-52jFG Figu1·e 7. Tramsmttte1· Distributor TT-52/FG used with Teletypew1·iter TT-7I FG or TT-8/FG. 6 ( XD86 ) is used with Teletypewriter TT-10/FG or Teletypewriter Set ANjTGC-3, it provides means of transmission to radio transmitters, to other Teletypewriters TT-10/FG or Tele typewriter Sets AN jTGC-3, or to code room circuits using such equipment as Repeater Mixer AN jGCQ-1. Keyboards are not provided with Teletypewriters TT-10/FG or Teletype writer Sets ANjTGC-3. TM 1 1-2210 contains detailed information on Teletypewriter TT10/FG, and TM 11-2214 covers Teletypewriter Set AN jTGC-3. Figure 8. Transmitter Distributor TT-52/FG, in use with Teletypewritm· Set AN/TGC-3. 7 c. USE AS PART OF REPERFORATOR TRANSMIT TERS TG-26-A, TG-26-B, OR TG-27-A ( fig. 9 ) . The XD82 type of transmitter distributor which is used as part of Reperforator Trans mitter TG-26-A, TG-26-B, or TG-27-A pro vides a means of transmission necessary in handling heavy message center traffic in the field. While these reperforator transmitters are designed for field use, they also are used in circuits similar to the circuits in which Tele typewriter TT-10/FG and Teletypewriter Set AN jTGC-3 are operated. The XD82 trans- ,.,. ., Figure 9. JV!odel 14 transmitter distributo1· (XD82), used cts part of Reperforator Transmitter TG-26-A, TG-26-B, or TG-27-A. 8 --------· -- ---- ----- -·- -'--- ---·· ·-· ·--- ---- mitter distributor used as a component of Re perforator Transmitter TG-26-A, -B, or TG27 sometimes is modified to provide a break lock mechanism as in Reperforator Transmitter TG-26-B. This enables a receiving station to stop transmission from the transmitter dis tributor by use of a break signal. This mecha nism also can be used to prevent transmission from the transmitter distributor in an open circuit. This type of transmitter distributor is known as the XD99 type. The mechanism has a d isabling device so that it may be made in operative if desired. d. USE AS PART OF PERFORATOR-TRANSMITTER TT-56/MGC. Some XD82 type transmitter dis tributors have been modified slightly for use as components of Perforator-Transmitters TT56/MGC, part of Radio Set ANjGRC-26, medi um-power, vehicular radio station that provides radioteletype, voice or c-w ( continuous-wave) communication. This perforator-transmitter is a Reperforator Transmitter TG-26-A that has been modified for noise suppression by the addi tion of a .01-uf ( microfarad ) capacitor, a by pass to ground at the junction of two 500-ohm resistors and the motor field winding of the transmitter distributor. e. USE OF RECEIVING TRANSMITTER DISTRIBU TORS IN CODE RooM OPERATION. The several different types of receiving transmitter dis tributors are used in conjunction with code room equipment and until quite recently were classified on the same level as the code room equipment with which they were used. f. OTHER UsEs. Sometimes transmitter dis tributors may be removed from associated equipment and may be grouped into a bank of transmitter distributors with wiring to provide transmission only on each outgoing circuit ( dif ferent circuits for incoming traffic) . Arrange ments like this are highly efficient in handling heavy traffic. 5. Technical Characteristics of Transmitter Distributors Types of installation Portable or fixed station ; sending : wire or radio. Type of feed for tape Mechanical. Signaling code 5-unit, start-stop. Type of signals Neutral. Speed (sending)---------- 368.1 or 404 opm. ______ _____ Motor and governor: Type of motor_ Varies (par. 14). Rpml ------ - - - - - - - -- 1,800 in cases of synchro nous motor; 2,102 and 2,308 in cases of series governed motors. Governor - - ------------ - - Reducesmotor currentwhen motor speed exceeds crit ical rate and increases motor current when mo tor speed drops below critical rate on series governed motors. Tuning forks Stroboscopic; 87.6 vps (vi brations per second) for 368.1 opm and 96.19 vps for 404 opm. Power sources: Motor : Volts - - - --------- 105-125. Frequency - - - ---- 25-60 cps ( cycles per sec ond) for series-governed motors and 50-60 cps for synchronous motors. Types of tape used Chad or chadless. _______ - _____________ ________ Total weight installed _____ Approximately 28 pounds for single-channel trans mitter distributors and 42 pounds for two-chan nel transmitter distrib utors. 6. General Functioning a. GENERAL. Model 14 transmitter distribu tors all function in the same general manner with the exception of the receiving transmitter distributors which are designed as parts of secret signal communication systems. All trans mit five-unit, start-stop teletypewriter code im pulses which are electrically identical with the code impulses transmitted from the keyboard of an ordinary teletypewriter operating at the same speed. Figure 10 shows the relationship between the characters on the teletypewriter keyboard and typing unit, the line signals, and the perforations in tape. b. TAPE TRANSMITTER. Perforated tape in serted into the tape transmitter is advanced one row of perforations (corresponding to one character or function ) at a time by the tape feed mechanism. Tape sensing pins move up ward and press against the tape when there are no perforations in the tape above the pins, but when there are perforations in the tape, ____________ ___________ / 1 Speed change for synchronous motors requires change pinion and main-shaft· gear. On series-governed motors, changed· by use of governor adjustment. · _ of motor · · speed · is 9 E PLAT N POSITION PERFORATED LINE SIGNALS TAPE FIGS IMPULSES I 2 -� 3 4 5 OOo 0 0 00 oooo 0 0 0 0 0 0 oOo Oo 00 oO 0 OoO ooo 0 OOo OO 0 Oo oooo oOO 0 00 ooo 0 OOoO 0 Oo 0 0 oo 0 0 OOoO ooooo ooo 0 0 oooo 0 oo 0 0 0 0 0 0 FIGURES SHIF T SIGNAl_ 0 Oo oo OOoOOO OOo 00 TOP EDGE OF TAP E --<-t j--22+22+22+22+22+22+31-J LENGTHS IN MILLISECONDS. H - STANDARD SPEED 60WORDS PER MIN SPACING IMPULSES MARKING IMPULSES (D MOTOR STOP OP TIONAL ON WEATHER MACHINES ® <IS PRINTED ON TYPING REPERFORATORS ® E IS PRINTED ON TYPI N G REPERFORATORS TM 2222•7 Figure 1 0. Teletypewriter five-unit, start-stop code. the pins pass through the perforations. When a tape sensing pin passes through a perfora tion, the contact tongue associated with that pin makes contact with its lower ( marking) contact screw. When there is no perforation, the tape sensing pin is held down by the tape, and this in turn holds the associated contact tongue against its upper ( spacing) contact screw. E ach contact tongue is wired directly to its associated segment on the distributor disk face. c. DISTRIBUTOR. The distributor transmits to the signal line, in the proper sequence and speed, the marking and the spacing impulses 10 - - ·- · ·------- set up by the contact tongues of the tape trans mitter. d. CONTROL CIRCUIT. Transmission is con trolled by a local circuit within a transmitter distributor consisting of a stop magnet, a switch, and one or two sets of contacts, all wired in series. The circuit is closed to start trans mission and is opened by a switch or any one of the pairs of contacts, either by hand or auto matically, to stop transmission. When a trans mitter distributor is used with certain asso ciated equipment, the control circuit extension consists of another pair of contacts connected in series with the wiring of the transmitter distributor. 7. Packaging Data The type of equipment with which a trans mitter distributor is to be used to some extent dictates the manner in which the transmitter distributor is packed. The XD82 type trans mitter distributors which are used as part of Reperforator Transmitter TG-26-A, TG-26-B, or TG-27-A are mounted permanently on the base of a chest with other components, and the entire equipment is packed in a single box. Details of the packing of this equipment are given in TM 1 12201. Transmitter Distributors TT-52/FG used with fixed plant equipment usually are packed in separate boxes. When Figure 11. Typical packing for oversea shipment. ---- ---- · · · ·---- --· ·---· ··---- ---- fixed plant teletypewriter sets are packed for export shipment, several of the individual items are placed frequently in one waterproof metal container, and this container in turn is packed in a larger wooden box. A layer of excelsior between the metal container and the wooden box protects the contents during transporta tion. Figure 11 shows a container used for export shipment. 8. Detailed Description of Transmitter Distrib utor TT-52/FG {XD8 6} a. GENERAL. All model 14 transmitter dis tributors adapted for use with fixed plant tele typewriter equipment such as Teletypewriters TT-7 jFG and TT-8/FG (model 19 teletype writer sets) , Teletypewriters TT-lOjFG and Teletypewriter Set AN jTGC-3, and similar teletypewriter sets are alike in appearance and are self-contained units identified by the basic code designation XD86. There are different versions of motors and gears. These necessarily vary to operate the transmitter distributors from different power supplies and at different operating speeds ( 368.1 opm or 404 opm) . These different versions are identified b y two letters following the basic designation. The principal versions covere